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Provide Alternatives for Prerecorded Audio-Only and Video-Only Content

Disabilities Affected: Hearing
Success Criterion: 1.2.1
Level: A
For prerecorded audio-only content (like a podcast), a text transcript must be provided. For prerecorded video-only content (like a silent animation), either a text transcript or an audio description must be provided.

Why It Matters

People who are deaf or hard of hearing cannot access the information in audio-only content without a text alternative (transcript). People who are blind or visually impaired cannot access the visual information in video-only content without a text or audio alternative. Transcripts also benefit users in noisy environments or those who prefer reading.

Fixing the Issue

For audio-only content, create a complete and accurate transcript including speaker identification and descriptions of meaningful sounds. Provide a link to or display the transcript near the audio player. For video-only content, provide either a similar transcript describing the visual events or create an audio track that describes the key visual information (audio description). Link to or provide this alternative near the video player.


Good Code Example

Linking to a transcript for an audio file

  • <h2>Podcast Episode 5: Interview with Jane Doe<audio controls src="podcast_ep5.mp3">
      Your browser does not support the audio element.
    </audio><p>
      <a href="/transcripts/podcast_ep5.html">Read the transcript</a>
    </p></h2>

Bad Code Example

Providing audio or video-only content without any alternative:

  • <h2>Important Company Announcement<audio controls src="announcement.mp3"></audio><h2>Product Demo Animation</h2><video controls muted src="demo_animation.mp4"></video></h2>
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